Introduction Every 5G smartphone, connected car, and industrial IoT device sold in Europe operates on standard essential patents. Standard essential patents — SEPs — are patents that must be infringed to implement a technical standard. 3GPP for 5G, ETSI for...
Introduction Drafting a patent application for the European Patent Office is not the same discipline as drafting for the USPTO. The EPO requires a two-part claim format. The problem-solution approach governs inventive step assessment. Article 83 demands the description supports...
Introduction Germany files more European Patent Office applications than any other country. Denmark consistently ranks among the world’s highest patent filers per capita. Italy’s engineering and manufacturing sectors produce substantial patentable innovation each year. Yet across European R&D organisations, a...
Introduction Launching a product in Europe is not one freedom-to-operate search. A Unitary Patent — now covering all 18 UPC member states in a single grant — means one overlooked active patent can create uniform blocking risk across Germany, France,...
Introduction The UK left the European Union in 2020. It did not leave the European patent system. The UK remains a full member of the European Patent Convention — EPO applications still designate the UK, EP(UK) patents are still granted...
Introduction Germany has always been the centre of European patent enforcement. Düsseldorf and Munich dominate European patent litigation. The Bundespatentgericht handles nullity actions. Germany’s bifurcation system — infringement decided separately from validity — has shaped European IP strategy for decades....